Page 55 - rp-may-2020

CPD ACTIVITY
53
RET AIL PHARMA C Y • MA Y 2020
Not just a ‘head cold’
This activity has been accredited for 1 hour
of Group One CPD (or 1 CPD credit) suitable
for inclusion in an individual pharmacist’s
CPD plan which can be converted to 1 hour of Group Two CPD
(or 2 CPD credits) upon successful completion of relevant
assessment activities.
1. Which of the following viruses is NOT commonly associated with
the common cold?
A) Coronavirus.
B) Adenovirus.
C) Rhinovirus.
D) Varicella-zoster virus.
2. Trent, a six-year-old otherwise healthy boy presents to the
pharmacy on a winter evening with his father. He has had a fever
of 38.2C for the past four days. He is in moderate respiratory
distress. A loud stridor and barking cough can be heard.
Trent most likely has:
A) Influenza (flu).
B) Viral laryngitis.
C) Epiglottitis.
D) Otitis media.
E) Sinusitis.
3. Which of the following is a way in which flu can be spread?
A) Transmitted through the air from the respiratory tract of an infected
person when they talk, cough or sneeze, or by touching a surface
that has respiratory droplets with influenza viruses and then
touching the nose, mouth, or possibly eyes.
B) Droplets in the air that are breathed or sneezed out.
C) Smog and other air pollution.
D) Wearing a face mask.
E) A and B only
4. SARS is described as a zoonotic virus. What does this mean?
A) Viruses that are confined to animals.
B) Viruses that do not cause disease in humans.
C) The viruses emerge from animals to cross the species
barrier infrequently.
D) Viruses that cause pandemics.
E) None of the above.
5. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A) Hendra virus is spread to horses by
Pteropus
species of
flying foxes.
B) Bats are believed to be the primary reservoir of Ebola virus.
C) Ross River virus is transmitted to humans via bat bites.
D) MERS-CoV infects multiple species including dromedary camels,
European hedgehogs and bats.
E) Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus related to dengue virus,
West Nile virus, and yellow fever virus.
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coronavirus reproductive number and case fatality rate for the spring 2014
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34. Kim K, Tandi T, Choi JW, Moon J, Kim M. ‘Middle East respiratory
syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak in South Korea, 2015:
epidemiology, characteristics and public health implications’.
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35. Homaira N, Rahman M, Hossain MJ, Epstein JH, Sultana R, Khan M, et
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Bangladesh, 2007’.
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36. Clayton B, Wang L, Marsh G. ‘Henipaviruses: an updated review focusing
on the pteropid reservoir and features of transmission’.
Zoonoses and Public
Health
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37. Escaffre O, Borisevich V, Rockx B. ‘Pathogenesis of Hendra and Nipah
virus infection in humans’.
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,
2013; 7 (04): 308-11.
38. Tappe D, Schmidt-Chanasit J, Ries A, Ziegler U, Müller A, Stich A. ‘Ross
River virus infection in a traveller returning from northern Australia’.
Medical
Microbiology and Immunology
, 2009; 198 (4): 271-3.
39. Tong S, Dale P, Nicholls N, Mackenzie JS, Wolff R, McMichael AJ.
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virus transmission: research development and future research needs’.
Environmental Health Perspectives
, 2008; 116 (12): 1591.
40. Bolles M, Donaldson E, Baric R. ‘SARS-CoV and emergent coronaviruses:
viral determinants of interspecies transmission’.
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,
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41. To KK, Hung IF, Chan JF, Yuen K-Y. ‘From SARS coronavirus to
novel animal and human coronaviruses’.
Journal of Thoracic Disease
,
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42. Al-Tawfiq JA, Zumla A, Memish ZA. ‘Travel implications of emerging
coronaviruses: SARS and MERS-CoV’.
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Disease
, 2014; 12 (5): 422-8.
43. Heukelbach J, Alencar CH, Kelvin AA, de Oliveira WK, de Góes
Cavalcanti LP. ‘Zika virus outbreak in Brazil’.
The Journal of Infection in
Developing Countries
, 2016; 10 (02): 116-20.
44. Campos GS, Bandeira AC, Sardi SI. ‘Zika virus outbreak, Bahia, Brazil’.
Emerging Infectious Diseases
, 2015; 21 (10): 1885.
45. Da Cunha AJLA, de Magalhães-Barbosa MC, Lima-Setta F, de Andrade
Medronho R, Prata-Barbosa A. ‘Microcephaly case fatality rate associated
with Zika virus infection in Brazil: current estimates’
The Pediatric Infectious
Disease Journal
, 2017; 36 (5): 528-30.
46. Allan GM, Arroll B. ‘Prevention and treatment of the common cold:
making sense of the evidence’.
CMAJ
, 2014; 186 (3): 190-9.
47. De Sutter AI, van Driel ML, Kumar AA, Lesslar O, Skrt A. ‘Oral
antihistamine decongestant analgesic combinations for the common cold’.
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
, 2012 (2).
48. Hersh EV, Moore PA, Ross GL. ‘Over-the-counter analgesics
and antipyretics: a critical assessment’
Clinical Therapeutics
,
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49. Eccles R. ‘Efficacy and safety of over the counter analgesics in the
treatment of common cold and flu’.
Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and
Therapeutics
, 2006; 31 (4): 309-19.
50. Moore N, Pollack C, Butkerait P. ‘Adverse drug reactions and drug-drug
interactions with over-the-counter NSAIDs’.
Therapeutics and Clinical Risk
Management
, 2015; 11: 1061.
decongestant analgesic combinations for the common cold’.
Cochrane
Database of Systematic Reviews
, 2012 (2).
48. Hersh EV, Moore PA, Ross GL. ‘Over-the-counter analgesics
and antipyretics: a critical assessment’
Clinical Therapeutics
,
2000; 22 (5): 500-48.
49. Eccles R. ‘Efficacy and safety of over the counter analgesics in the
treatment of common cold and flu’.
Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and
Therapeutics
, 2006; 31 (4): 309-19.
50. Moore N, Pollack C, Butkerait P. ‘Adverse drug reactions and drug-drug
interactions with over-the-counter NSAIDs’.
Therapeutics and Clinical Risk
Management
, 2015; 11: 1061.
2
CPD CREDITS