Page 81 - RP-MAY-2021

76 CPD ACTIVITY FROM PAGE 75 Natural cough remedies for children 2 CPD CREDITS References 1. The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne. Cough fact sheet. Available at rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Cough/ 2. Therapeutic Goods Administration. Behind the News. Cough and Cold medicines for children – changes. Available at tga.gov.au/behind-news/cough-and-cold-medicines-children-changes. Visited on 21/2/21. 3. Kruttschnitt E, Wegener T, Zahner C, Henzen-Bücking S. ‘Assessment of the efficacy and safety of ivy leaf (Hedera helix) cough syrup compared with acetylcysteine in adults and children with bronchitis’. Evidence- Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2020. 4. Sierocinski E, Holzinger F, Chenot JF. ‘Ivy leaf (Hedera helix) for acute upper respiratory tract infections: An updated systemic review’. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 13 January 2021. 5. Mlynarczyk K, Walkowiak-Tomczak D, Lysiak G. ‘Bioactive properties of Sambucus nigra L. as a functional ingredient for food and pharmaceutical industry’. Journal of Functional Foods, 2018; 40: 377-390. 6. Mahboubi M. ‘Sambucus nigra (black elder) as alternative treatment for cold and flu’. Advances in Traditional Medicine, 2020. 7. Hawkins J, Baker C, Cherry L, Dunne E. ‘Black elderberry (Sambucus nigra) supplementation effectively treats upper respiratory symptoms: A meta-analysis of randomised, controlled clinical trials’. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 2019; 42: 361-365. 8. Ulbricht C, Basch E, Ulbricht C, Hammerness P, Vora M. (2003) Marshmallow (Althaea officinalis L.) Monograph, Journal Of Herbal Pharmacotherapy, 2009; 3 (3): 71-81. 9. Kianitalaei A, Feyzabadi Z, Hamedi S, Qaraaty M. ‘Althea officinalis in traditional medicine and modern phytotherapy’. Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Education and Research, 2019; 9 (S2): 154-161. 10. Tahir IM, Akram M, Akhter N, Daniyal M, Sharif A, Ajaz F, Khan FS, Asif R. ‘Recent advances in phytotherapy of cough’. Pakistan Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences, 2017; 1 (2): 40-47. 11. Basch E, Ulbricht C, Hammerness P, Bevins A, Sollars D. ‘Thyme Thymus vulgaris L., Thymol’. Journal of Herbal Pharmacotherapy, 2009; 4 (1): 49-67. 12. Hosseini F, Mahjoub H, Amanati A, Mehdi Fazlian M, Sedighi I. ‘Comparison of Zataria multiflora extract syrup and diphenhydramine in the treatment of common cold-induced cough in children: A double blind, randomised, clinical trial’. Arch Pediatr Infect Dis, 2016; 4 (3): e35495. 13. Abuelgasim H, Albury C, Lee J. ‘Effectiveness of honey for symptomatic relief in upper respiratory tract infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis’. BMJ Evid Based Med, 2021 Apr; 26 (2): 57–64. Accreditation number: A2105RP1 (exp: 30/04/2023). This activity has been accredited for 1 hour of Group One CPD (or 1 CPD credit) suitable for inclusion in an individual pharmacist’s CPD plan which can be converted to 1 hour of Group Two CPD (or 2 CPD credits) upon successful completion of relevant assessment activities. 1. Choose the CORRECT answer. In 2012 limitations were placed on the sale of cough and cold preparations in Australia, which included: A) Only children under five can be given cough and cold medicines. Children aged six to 11 years must avoid them. B) All cough and cold preparations are to be stored behind the counter in pharmacies, regardless of their ingredients. C) Children under two years of age should obtain a prescription from their doctor if a cough and cold medicines is recommended, because then it is safe. D) Children aged six to 11 years should only be given cough and cold products on the advice of a doctor, pharmacist or nurse practitioner. 2. Which of the following would be most appropriate to recommend for relief of a cough in a child over one year of age? A) Ginger. B) Honey. C) Steam inhalation. D) Marshmallow root. 3. Which of the following about ivy leaf extract is INCORRECT? A) Ivy leaf may have antispasmodic and bronchodilating activity, anti-inflammatory effects and antitussive properties. B) Ivy leaf extract containing expectorant preparations have a good safety profile. C) Ivy leaf products are used to provide relief from dry, stubborn coughs. D) EA 575 is a commercial extract of Hedera helix used in many products. 4. Which of the following is not a symptom that would require referral to a doctor for further investigation? A) A cough accompanied by a runny nose and sore throat which started two days ago. B) Cough accompanied by high fever. C) A persistent cough which has lasted more than three to four weeks. D) Child <2 years of age. 5. True or false? Black elderberry has strong evidence with established efficacy for use in treating chesty coughs in children. A) True. B) False. 14. Ayazi P, Mahyar A, Yousef-Zanjani M, Allami A, Esmailzadehha N, Beyhaghi T. ‘Comparison of the effect of two kinds of Iranian honey and diphenhydramine on nocturnal cough and the sleep quality in coughing children and their parents’. PLOS ONE, 2017. 15. World Health Organisation. ‘Cough and cold remedies for the treatment of acute respiratory infections in young children’. 2001. Available at: apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/ 010665/66856/WHO_FCH_ CAH_01.02.pdf;jsessionid=6B20BA787360D371DF73E789A8BD7334? sequence=1 16. Brewster C, Choong J, Thomas C, Wilson D, Moiemen N. ‘Steam inhalation and paediatric burns during the Covid-19 pandemic’. Birmingham Children’s Hospital. The Lancet, 2020 May; 396: 1690. 17. Oates l. ‘Coughs in children’. Australian Pharmacist, 2016 June; p20. RETAIL PHARMACY • MAY 2021